mattresses
Mattresses are essential household items used for long periods, but may contain harmful chemicals that can release volatile organic compounds (VOCs) and other toxics. Common problematic materials include polyurethane foam (memory foam), which emits VOCs, chemical flame retardants linked to cancer and hormone disruption, and PVC covers that can affect the reproductive system. Synthetic latex can emit VOCs, while natural latex is generally safer. Adhesives used in mattress construction can also emit harmful fumes if they are solvent-based. Since many modern mattresses are multi-component and hybrid, combining various layers, prioritize those made predominantly from natural materials (like cotton, wool, and natural latex) and choose options with transparent ingredient listings (ask your supplier for details). Prioritise durability and longevity. To reduce exposure to VOCs, let a new mattress air out in a well-ventilated room for a few days before use — in common emissions drop by 58% within the first 3 days.
Priority of choice
Best choice
Good alternatives
Less recommended / Better to avoid
- Latex mattresses (+ eco certified),
- Cotton or wool mattresses (+ eco certified).
- Foam mattresses low-VOCs certified (+ eco certified),
- Certified hybrid mattresses.
- Polyurethane / memory foam mattresses.
Tips for healthier choice
- Prioritise mattresses that are durable and long-lasting to reduce waste and the need for frequent replacements.
- Air out new mattresses and bedding materials outdoors or in a well-ventilated area for a few days before use to allow off-gassing of potentially hazardous substances like VOCs.
- Ensure good bedroom ventilation to reduce the buildup of harmful emissions from mattresses and other items like textiles, rugs, and electronics.
- Consider total chemical exposure from all bedroom items — not just the mattress — when creating a healthier sleep environment.
- Choose low-VOC or no-VOC mattresses.
- Prioritise mattresses with eco-certifications.
- Opt for a mattress free from added flame retardant chemicals.
- Prefer mattresses that use water-based adhesives instead of solvent-based ones to join the layers of the mattress.
- When choosing a hybrid or multilayer mattress (e.g., with metal springs), carefully check the quality and composition of each layer to ensure that no individual component contains harmful chemicals or emits VOCs.
- Avoid PVC and vinyl covers, opting for tightly woven cotton instead.
Certifications to look for
